Showing posts with label society. Show all posts
Showing posts with label society. Show all posts

American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us Review

American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us
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American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us Review
I for one was blown away by the contents of this book. Once I started reading, I found it difficult to put down and fascinating. I am now convinced that we are all walking around with presuppositions about religion and religious beliefs in America that are just plain wrong. Think about it. You're a smart, educated, well-read adult. You try to keep an open mind throughout your life, and then along comes this 550 page book and smacks you, and your belief systems right in the face. Everything I thought about our country's religious status is now subject to re-interpretation. Here's why:The authors did very substantial research, over a period of years. It was painstaking, and brutally honest. They approach this project the way you would do a massive pharmaceutical drug research study. They did not inflict their own belief systems on what they found. There has been no study like this, anywhere approaching this effort in more than 50 years. At the same time, they made the book highly readable which for a research study is more than surprising. If I had to compare this study to anything comparable, it would be the Master's and Johnson study on sexual practices in America published many decades ago. That study revolutionized our thinking about sexual mores in this country, and this study will do the same thing for religion. You do not have to follow this book in sequence. Go into the table of contents, find a chapter that interests you and you will be able to go into whatever depth you like. Read a few pages or read the whole chapter, just be prepared to realize that what we think is not necessarily what the rest of us are thinking, and believing.Here are a few concepts straight out of the book that should pique your interest in reading more. * One third to one half of all marriages in America are interfaith marriages. Wow, this is surprising. It is difficult to stay married to someone if you do not respect that person. These marriages are producing a powerful respect for other religions, and that's probably good for all of us. * One third of all Americans have switched religions in their lifetime. I would never have dreamed the number was so large. * The young are more opposed to abortion than their parents, and more accepting of gay marriage. I would not have believed the abortion statistic, but research is research.

* Fervently religious Americans believe that people of another faith can go to heaven. This is another mind blowing statistic because it implies that people are starting to treat other people's religions with the same respect they accord their own.

* I was completely taken aback with the following. I knew that in 1960 a number of Protestants (30%) said they could not bring themselves to vote for a Catholic (John Kennedy) for President. I was alive then, I remember. Did you know that in 2004 John Kerry, a Catholic took only half the Catholic vote in this country? The other half went for George Bush, an evangelical Protestant.

* Jewish people are the most broadly popular religious group in America. Statistics are clear on this, regardless of what the news media would have you believe. What's interesting also is that Mormons tend to like, and are most comfortable with other people's religions, and yet are the least liked religion themselves. This would imply that Mormons are the most accepting, and yet least accepted of the religions in America. In summary I believe that you should be prepared to be amazed at your new understanding of who and what America believes in. It turns out we are the most religious country in the industrial world. Over 83% of us belong to a religion. More than 40% of us go to church almost every week, while 59% pray weekly, and one third of us read the scriptures every week, and 80% of Americans say that they absolutely believe there is a God. By way of comparison, 54% of the people in England never pray, that is true for only 18% of Americans. More than anything else, I was taken aback by the following. Almost 40% of Americans belong to a church or church group versus 9% for Italians, and 4% for the French. If you watch CNN when the Vatican elects a Pope, you see a million people in Vatican Square, you would think that 100% of Italians belong to the church. Read this book and be prepared to be amazed at what you will learn. The authors did a superb job at wringing out their personal biases, and portraying religion in America in an honest, respectful fashion, and they deserve to be read for what they have accomplished in this highly readable book. Good luck, and thank you for reading this review. Richard C. StoyeckAmerican Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us Overview

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Social Capital (Key Ideas) Review

Social Capital (Key Ideas)
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Social Capital (Key Ideas) ReviewThis book was a nice overview of the field of work done over the past century around Social Capital. At times the author was, perhaps, being a little critical of former theorists, but offered excellent references.Social Capital (Key Ideas) Overview

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Delinquency in Society, Eighth Edition Review

Delinquency in Society, Eighth Edition
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Delinquency in Society, Eighth Edition ReviewFirst time ordering one of my textbooks online and had a great experience. Received it quickly, it was in perfect condition, and best of all I saved money!Delinquency in Society, Eighth Edition Overview

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Network Culture: Politics for the Information Age Review

Network Culture: Politics for the Information Age
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Network Culture: Politics for the Information Age ReviewIn this beautifully written overview of the socio-political dynamics of networks, Terranova describes the shift from representation to modulation (in both images and ideas, a technic that foregrounds the communicator's agenda by replacing positions with explicit expressions of vectors for change), and the accompanying shift away from identity politics - replacing the difference/position couple with mutation/movement in open systems. She explores the "hydrodynamic" potential of the internet to channel images and meanings through a segmented and capillary system of communication, in which the spectators no longer form an amorphous mass, but operate instead in a fractal ecology of social niches and microniches. She addresses the active and persistent engagement of the networked audience-participants in a chapter about the abundance of free (uncompelled, and unwaged) labor on which most successful internet projects depend, and contrasts web-community volunteerism with the level of audience engagement demanded by ordinary (and now, "reality") television shows. Finally, she looks at the potential of cellular automata models of "soft control" and their application to the upstream battle against entropy and heat-death on the internet.Network Culture: Politics for the Information Age Overview

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Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other Review

Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other
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Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other ReviewWhat I love about this book is that a whole person wrote it. Turkle includes both original research and her everyday experiences as a mother and a friend.
Unlike many books about technology, this book does not try to tell a simple story about it being good or bad. Its goal seems to be to help us live a better life in partnership with technology. Do we really want to give up privacy online? Do we really want to text during family dinners? Do we really want our companionship to be replaced by robotic companionship?
Instead of pretending you must take a side for or against technology, "Alone Together" asks us to look out for ourselves and what is good for us. My favorite idea is that the point is not to get rid of technology but that each individual must stop and think where it fits in his or her life.
"Alone Together" is a great read. The language is sometimes poetic and sometimes funny, but always compelling. Its ideas and questions are powerful and are long-lasting.
Highly recommended for everyone.Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other Overview

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Connected, or What It Means to Live in the Network Society Review

Connected, or What It Means to Live in the Network Society
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Connected, or What It Means to Live in the Network Society ReviewThis book covers a lot of ground in internet theory and the social aspects of it.
Personally I enjoy the flights into sci-fi, but I understand how they could miss the mark for some readers.
The best element of this book is the shear number of references it makes to writers in the field. The bibliography here is a great resource and he explains most content and concepts well enough for you to understand if you want to take it further.Connected, or What It Means to Live in the Network Society Overview

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Social Capital: Theory and Research (Sociology and Economics) Review

Social Capital: Theory and Research (Sociology and Economics)
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Social Capital: Theory and Research (Sociology and Economics) ReviewSocial Capital is a theory that, in part, describes the catalyst for human social systems and networking. It defines and explores methods humans employ to gain advantages. The book's application is sweeping; although, readers should have a background in the theory before tackling this particular work.
For educators, this book provides another angle for social contract theory, socio-economic systems, and synergy. For managers, this book provides a rationale for understanding and developing employee systems, including those in organized labor.Social Capital: Theory and Research (Sociology and Economics) Overview

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Making the Social World: The Structure of Human Civilization Review

Making the Social World: The Structure of Human Civilization
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Making the Social World: The Structure of Human Civilization ReviewMaking the Social World is a thorough explication of John Searle's theory of how status functions create our social reality.
Searle is refreshing because, unlike other philosophers, his ideas make sense even after you put away the text. Other philosophers weave a web of coherence that makes sense while they shape the alternatives of your thought through clever rhetoric. Searle is a clever writer, but he also makes sense when you apply his theories to your everyday life. For example, postmodern theory makes a lot of sense when the text you are reading limits the constraints of your thinking, but when you step outside of the text and just live you find it to be insufficient for explaining life as it is lived. Searle's discussions on duties, obligations, direction of fit, status functions, etc are easily understandable because they actually exist in the way you experience the world. These are not counter-intuitive ideas, but rather they are ideas that fit.
I also highly recommend listening to Searle's Philosophy 138 podcast from his Berkeley lectures. Listening to this course enabled me to unpack the dense and precise ideas found in Making the Social World. I found this book to be even more robust than the arguments put forth in The Construction of Social Reality. Obviously, Searle has listened to the criticisms of that work and responded with a stronger theory.
This is a work worthy to be read, considered, and applied to other texts and one's own lived experience. I highly recommend Making the Social World.
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Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action (Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences) Review

Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action (Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences)
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Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action (Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences) ReviewLin has devoted in area of the sociology. This book is another great work followed by other works in sociology. Strongly suggest to buy and own it as a scholar's guid of the theory of social capital.Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action (Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences) Overview

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The Social Life of Information Review

The Social Life of Information
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The Social Life of Information ReviewIf you would like proof of the authors' thesis in the Social Life of Information, all you have to do is read all the reviews for the book. Take a moment and do that, then come back here...
Finished? Any thoughts?
Okay, here's their basic thesis: most interesting information is socially situated, socially constructed, or otherwise impossible to tear from its human roots and package into transferrable units of "knowledge". This has major implications for the viability of certain kinds of information systems, educational programs, and the evolution of an "information society". Yet, most information workers and information products appear to be oblivious to these implications.
The proof? Ask yourself how you feel when you read a book review on-line. How do you feel when one review raves about the book and another review lambasts it? How do you feel when a reviewer gives you instructions that he expects you to follow, as I just gave? Do you follow them? What point is there to my asking "any thoughts?" when obviously you can't answer?
You don't know me. You can't trust me. I'm not a part of your social system. The only way I can participate in your learning at all is if you see in these words something that touches you... and if so, that is little more than a happy coincidence: neither of us could have planned it.
My point is that these reviews offer an illusion of a social system, but there's nothing much behind that illusion. It's cool write one, yes, in the way that scratching my name on a tree used to feel cool. But I find it very difficult to put these reviews to any practical use. I can't know who to trust. Isn't that how you feel, too? Consequently, these reviews are not capsules of knowledge pouring into your thirsty head. This review system is an example of the sort of shallow informationism that the authors complain about in their fascinating book.
So why am I writing a review if I don't think it's likely that you'll find what I say useful? Well, I'm really writing to my students and colleagues, with each of whom I already have a connection. You know who you are. I teach software quality assurance and testing. This is a wonderful book that I recommend as a tool for making sense of how a process specialist's place in the social order influences his prospects for getting anything useful done.
This book drove the final nail in the coffin of my hope that if I could only write a good enough process document, someone would follow the processes I prescribe. Now I know better. Not because Brown and Duguid say so (I don't know them, either) but because what they say rings so true to my *own* experience. People learn primarily by doing and experiencing in a system that includes other people. We are not merely information consumers. Process standardization, in the knowledge world, is therefore a fruitless or dangerous pursuit without considering the social context of practices.
Thanks for reading. (why am I thanking you? I'm stuck in this illusion of online society!)
For more on this, see my review of Cognition in the Wild. I can't promise that will help, but you might get lucky.
-- JamesThe Social Life of Information Overview

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